Belarus, a former constituent republic of the USSR, lies in Eastern Europe between Poland and Russia. The flat, landlocked terrain has some 11,000 lakes, all thanks to ancient glacial scouring. The birthplace of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Belarusian culture flourished during the Renaissance. At the end of the 18th century, the Russian empire occupied the area until a short-lived republic was integrated into the Soviet Union in the 20th century. Independence was achieved in 1991. However, more than any other former Soviet republics, Belarus has continued close political and economic ties with Russia.
While Belarusian tourist facilities may not reach the apex of luxury, in the capital of Minsk and other areas, the accommodations are adequate. Cultural and political remnants of the USSR make any visit a unique, retro experience. Apart from Soviet-era landmarks, travelers often visit include Mir Castle, completed in the 16th century and built in the Gothic style; Brest Fortress, built in the 19th century on the western border of the Russian Empire and sanctioned by Emperor Nicholas I (also a monument commemorating resistance to the Nazis); and Saint-Efrosinya Monastery, with a 12th century chapel containing a collection of 18th century fresco paintings being carefully removed to reveal Christian Orthodox saints painted 600 years before.