Gibraltar is a massive limestone rock on the southern tip of Spain’s Iberian Peninsula. The Rock of Gibraltar has long been an important maritime landmark, identifying the Strait of Gibraltar, the gateway between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. In modern history, Gibraltar—a British colony—has been a military outpost, a contested territory between an ever-bickering Spain and Great Britain, and a cultural melting pot of Genoese, North African and Spanish influences. Explore the epic rock, which offers endless caving adventures, and view Gibraltar’s rare plant and animal species, including the Gibraltar Sea Lavender and Europe’s only wild primate, the Barbary ape. Don’t miss incredible dolphin- and whale-watching opportunities in the Strait of Gibraltar.